Keep power satellites on each IC primary rail only.

Stop LDO 3V3 groups from inheriting VSYS caps/filters, drop connector/switch noise, and align Power rails with domain membership.

Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>

backend/pinscopex/functional_groups.py

@@ -177,6 +177,16 @@ def _ic_rank(comp: Component) -> int:
     return 9
 
 
+_POWER_SAT_ROLES = frozenset({"decoupling", "bulk", "filter", "pullup"})
+_SKIP_OTHER_TYPES = frozenset({
+    ComponentType.CONNECTOR,
+    ComponentType.SWITCH,
+    ComponentType.TEST_POINT,
+    ComponentType.FIDUCIAL,
+    ComponentType.MECHANICAL,
+})
+
+
 def _group_for_ic(
     graph: DesignGraph,
     ref: str,
@@ -185,6 +195,8 @@ def _group_for_ic(
     comp = graph.components[ref]
     cons = _match_constraints(comp.mpn or comp.value, cmap)
     nets = [n for n in graph.nets_of_component(ref) if not _is_ground_net(graph, n)]
+    power_nets = {n for n in nets if _is_power_net(graph, n)}
+    primary = _primary_supply_net(comp, power_nets)
     sat_map: dict[str, PlacementSatellite] = {}
 
     for net_name, others in graph.neighbors(ref).items():
@@ -197,20 +209,33 @@ def _group_for_ic(
             if not other or other.component_type == ComponentType.IC:
                 continue
             role = _role_hint(graph, comp, cons, other, net_name)
+            sat_nets = {n for n in other.pins.values() if n}
+            # Keep decoupling/bulk/filter/pullup on the IC primary rail only —
+            # otherwise an LDO on 3V3 also inherits VSYS input caps/inductors.
+            if role in _POWER_SAT_ROLES and primary and primary not in sat_nets:
+                continue
+            if role == "other" and other.component_type in _SKIP_OTHER_TYPES:
+                continue
             sat_map[oref] = PlacementSatellite(
                 ref=oref,
                 component_type=other.component_type.value,
                 component_subtype=other.component_subtype,
-                nets=sorted({n for n in other.pins.values() if n}),
+                nets=sorted(sat_nets),
                 hop=1,
                 role_hint=role,
             )
 
-    for pin_num, net_name in comp.pins.items():
+    # Cap enhancement: only on the primary supply rail (when known).
+    supply_nets = [primary] if primary else []
+    if not supply_nets:
+        supply_nets = [
+            n for pin_num, n in comp.pins.items()
+            if n and not _is_ground_net(graph, n)
+            and _is_ic_supply_pin(graph, cons, pin_num, n)
+        ]
+    for net_name in supply_nets:
         if not net_name or _is_ground_net(graph, net_name):
             continue
-        if not _is_ic_supply_pin(graph, cons, pin_num, net_name):
-            continue
         for cref in graph.capacitors_on_net(net_name):
             if cref == ref:
                 continue

frontend/content/changelog.md

@@ -2,6 +2,13 @@
 
 What's new in Pinscope.
 
+## 2.28.9 — 2026-09-13 — Cleaner Domains / Power rails membership
+
+Power rails follow primary domain only. IC satellites for decoupling/bulk/filter/pullup stay on the IC’s primary supply rail (LDO 3V3 no longer inherits VSYS input caps). Connectors/switches drop out of noisy “other” satellites.
+
+- [Fixed] Rails view membership = domain primary rail (not transitive satellite nets).
+- [Fixed] `_group_for_ic` primary-rail filter for power-role satellites; skip connector/switch “other”.
+
 ## 2.28.8 — 2026-09-13 — Stronger layout_rules extraction skill
 
 Pintable skill now treats PCB / typical-application layout guidance as a first-class extract. Page trim keeps layout keywords; IC cache re-extracts once when `layout_rules` are empty under an older `model_version` (1.10.0+).

frontend/src/components/project/topology-panel.tsx

@@ -165,33 +165,23 @@ type RailRow = {
 function RailsView({ plan }: { plan: PlacementPlan }) {
   const rails = useMemo(() => {
     const byRef = Object.fromEntries(plan.groups.map((g) => [g.ref, g]));
+    // One row per domain primary rail — do not pull ICs onto a rail just
+    // because a connector/pullup satellite also touches it.
     const map = new Map<string, { domainIds: Set<string>; groupRefs: Set<string> }>();
 
     for (const dom of plan.domains) {
-      for (const net of dom.power_nets) {
+      const primary = dom.power_nets[0];
-        let entry = map.get(net);
+      if (!primary) continue;
-        if (!entry) {
+      let entry = map.get(primary);
-          entry = { domainIds: new Set(), groupRefs: new Set() };
+      if (!entry) {
-          map.set(net, entry);
+        entry = { domainIds: new Set(), groupRefs: new Set() };
-        }
+        map.set(primary, entry);
-        entry.domainIds.add(dom.domain_id);
-        for (const iref of dom.ic_refs) entry.groupRefs.add(iref);
       }
+      entry.domainIds.add(dom.domain_id);
+      for (const iref of dom.ic_refs) entry.groupRefs.add(iref);
     }
 
-    // Also attach groups that list the rail on their nets / satellites
+    const powerRoles = new Set(["decoupling", "bulk", "filter", "pullup"]);
-    for (const g of plan.groups) {
-      for (const net of g.nets ?? []) {
-        const entry = map.get(net);
-        if (entry) entry.groupRefs.add(g.ref);
-      }
-      for (const s of g.satellites) {
-        for (const net of s.nets ?? []) {
-          const entry = map.get(net);
-          if (entry) entry.groupRefs.add(g.ref);
-        }
-      }
-    }
 
     const rows: RailRow[] = [...map.entries()]
       .map(([net, v]) => ({
@@ -200,7 +190,21 @@ function RailsView({ plan }: { plan: PlacementPlan }) {
         groups: [...v.groupRefs]
           .map((r) => byRef[r])
           .filter(Boolean)
-          .sort((a, b) => (a.rank ?? 99) - (b.rank ?? 99) || a.ref.localeCompare(b.ref)),
+          .sort(
+            (a, b) =>
+              (a.rank ?? 99) - (b.rank ?? 99) || a.ref.localeCompare(b.ref),
+          )
+          .map((g) => {
+            const onRailSats = g.satellites.filter(
+              (s) =>
+                (s.nets || []).includes(net) &&
+                powerRoles.has(s.role_hint || ""),
+            );
+            return {
+              ...g,
+              satellites: onRailSats,
+            } as PlacementIcGroup;
+          }),
       }))
       .sort((a, b) => a.net.localeCompare(b.net));
 
@@ -234,23 +238,11 @@ function RailsView({ plan }: { plan: PlacementPlan }) {
           </CardHeader>
           <CardContent className="space-y-2">
             <p className="text-[11px] font-medium text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-wide">
-              Functional groups on this rail
+              Primary IC groups on this rail
             </p>
-            {rail.groups.map((g) => {
+            {rail.groups.map((g) => (
-              const onRailSats = g.satellites.filter(
+              <GroupBlock key={g.ref} group={g} emphasize />
-                (s) => (s.nets || []).includes(rail.net),
+            ))}
-              );
-              const highlight: PlacementIcGroup = {
-                ...g,
-                satellites:
-                  onRailSats.length > 0
-                    ? onRailSats
-                    : g.satellites.filter((s) =>
-                        ["decoupling", "bulk"].includes(s.role_hint || ""),
-                      ),
-              };
-              return <GroupBlock key={g.ref} group={highlight} emphasize />;
-            })}
           </CardContent>
         </Card>
       ))}
@@ -315,8 +307,8 @@ export function TopologyPanel({
         </h2>
         <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-0.5">
           {mode === "domains"
-            ? "Power-net islands with IC functional groups and satellite roles (routing-first, no mm)."
+            ? "Primary supply-rail domains with IC functional groups and satellite roles (routing-first, no mm)."
-            : "Each supply rail with the functional groups that hang off it."}
+            : "Each primary supply rail with its domain IC groups (not shared connectors across rails)."}
         </p>
       </div>
       {mode === "domains" ? <DomainsView plan={plan} /> : <RailsView plan={plan} />}

tests/test_functional_groups.py

@@ -67,6 +67,86 @@ def test_simple_project_splits_5v_and_3v3_domains():
     assert len(report.domains) == 2
 
 
+def test_ldo_power_satellites_stay_on_primary_rail():
+    """LDO input-rail caps must not appear as primary-rail satellites."""
+    from backend.pinscopex.models import (
+        CapacitorSpecs,
+        Component,
+        ComponentType,
+        DesignGraph,
+        InductorSpecs,
+        Net,
+        NetType,
+        PinConnection,
+    )
+
+    components = {
+        "U1": Component(
+            reference="U1", value="LDO", footprint="",
+            component_type=ComponentType.IC,
+            component_subtype="ic.power.ldo",
+            pins={"1": "VSYS", "2": "3V3_DIGITAL", "3": "GND"},
+        ),
+        "C_in": Component(
+            reference="C_in", value="10u", footprint="",
+            component_type=ComponentType.CAPACITOR,
+            pins={"1": "VSYS", "2": "GND"},
+            specs=CapacitorSpecs(value_farads=10e-6, value_formatted="10uF"),
+        ),
+        "L1": Component(
+            reference="L1", value="2.2u", footprint="",
+            component_type=ComponentType.INDUCTOR,
+            pins={"1": "VSYS", "2": "VSYS"},
+            specs=InductorSpecs(value_henries=2.2e-6, value_formatted="2.2uH"),
+        ),
+        "C_out": Component(
+            reference="C_out", value="100n", footprint="",
+            component_type=ComponentType.CAPACITOR,
+            pins={"1": "3V3_DIGITAL", "2": "GND"},
+            specs=CapacitorSpecs(value_farads=100e-9, value_formatted="100nF"),
+        ),
+        "J1": Component(
+            reference="J1", value="USB", footprint="",
+            component_type=ComponentType.CONNECTOR,
+            pins={"1": "3V3_DIGITAL", "2": "GND"},
+        ),
+    }
+    nets = {
+        "VSYS": Net(
+            name="VSYS", net_type=NetType.POWER,
+            pins=[
+                PinConnection(component_ref="U1", pin_number="1"),
+                PinConnection(component_ref="C_in", pin_number="1"),
+                PinConnection(component_ref="L1", pin_number="1"),
+            ],
+        ),
+        "3V3_DIGITAL": Net(
+            name="3V3_DIGITAL", net_type=NetType.POWER,
+            pins=[
+                PinConnection(component_ref="U1", pin_number="2"),
+                PinConnection(component_ref="C_out", pin_number="1"),
+                PinConnection(component_ref="J1", pin_number="1"),
+            ],
+        ),
+        "GND": Net(
+            name="GND", net_type=NetType.GROUND,
+            pins=[
+                PinConnection(component_ref="U1", pin_number="3"),
+                PinConnection(component_ref="C_in", pin_number="2"),
+                PinConnection(component_ref="C_out", pin_number="2"),
+                PinConnection(component_ref="J1", pin_number="2"),
+            ],
+        ),
+    }
+    report = build_functional_groups(DesignGraph(components=components, nets=nets))
+    u1 = next(g for g in report.groups if g.ref == "U1")
+    sat = {s.ref: s.role_hint for s in u1.satellites}
+    assert "C_out" in sat
+    assert "C_in" not in sat
+    assert "L1" not in sat
+    assert "J1" not in sat
+
+
 def test_multi_rail_board_does_not_collapse_to_one_domain():
     """Charger→LDO→MCU must not become a single domain via shared POWER nets."""
     from backend.pinscopex.models import (