Fixes all 7 bugs found in the FPGA-Neural re-certification campaign
(docs/validation/bugs.md, CERTIFICATION.md), per campaign policy that
fixes land as a commit separate from the analysis work (commits
313a199..77e74db):
- BUG-005 (CRITICAL): layer_sequencer.v -- RUN_NETWORK(num_layers=0)
ran through 256 fabricated layers reading arbitrary PSRAM data as
descriptors. Now an immediate no-op.
- BUG-007 (CRITICAL): spi_engine.v -- SET_NET_TYPE received mid-run
remapped the arbiter mux and hung the in-progress engine. Now
rejected while graph_busy/seq_busy, verified not to partially apply.
- BUG-002 (MEDIA): neuron_parallel.v -- N_INPUTS=0 bypassed the
elaboration-time guard, leaving x_bus/w_bus undriven. Guard extended
to reject N_INPUTS==0.
- BUG-003 (MEDIA): neuron_parallel.v -- n_inputs_real=0 at runtime had
inconsistent behavior across repeated runs. Now an explicit early-out
via the existing "finishing" completion path.
- BUG-004 (BASSA): neuron_memory.v -- n_neurons_real=0 silently ignored
the limit. Fixed at all three entry points into the vulnerable
termination checks (STATE_READ_X, STATE_READ_W, and the X->W
dispatch).
- BUG-006 (BASSA): graph_engine.v -- num_neurons_graph=0 relied on an
incidental guard rather than a real one. Now an explicit no-op.
- BUG-001 (INFO): removed sim/top.v, confirmed dead code from the
pre-INT8 Q8.8 era.
Every bug-reproduction testbench is rewritten from observe-only to
hard-assert the fixed behavior (sim/*_bug00[2-7]*_tb.v), verified
individually and via a full regression (44 testbenches, 43 PASS, 0
FAIL/ERROR, 1 benchmark by design). Re-verified on the real toolchain
(Yosys synth_ecp5 + nextpnr-ecp5): 0 constraint errors, Fmax 68.65 MHz
(was 67.91 MHz, within known placement noise), critical path
structurally unchanged (neuron_parallel/mac8 accumulator carry chain).
Updates docs/validation/bugs.md and CERTIFICATION.md to reflect the
resolved state, and docs/FPGA-NeuralNetwork-Engine.md + the LaTeX
datasheet (IT/EN) with inline notes on each fixed edge case, closing
the datasheet/RTL gap flagged in C.13 of the original certification.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
Legitimate dispatch mux and data_ready_n/irq_n pins certified via
existing pre-session tests.
BUG-007 (CRITICAL), confirmed end-to-end over real simulated SPI:
SET_NET_TYPE has no check against graph_busy/seq_busy in
rtl/spi_engine.v, and rtl/spi_neuron_top.v's arbiter Port C mux
selects between graph_engine/layer_sequencer purely combinationally on
the current net_type value -- not latched to whichever engine actually
started the in-flight run. Started a valid graph RUN_NETWORK, sent
SET_NET_TYPE(dense) immediately after (before completion): STATUS.busy
gets stuck (30+ consecutive polls with no done/err, vs. ~12-25us normal
completion) -- the graph engine is left waiting for a ram_ready that
never arrives via the now-disconnected mux path. Also verified
recovery: RESET during the hang brings the system back to a fully
working state (a subsequent legitimate dense op completes normally) --
not a permanent lockup, but plain STATUS polling alone would never
unstick without a host-side RESET fallback.
Full regression: 40/40 real tests pass, 1 new observational test
deterministically reproduces BUG-007 and verifies RESET recovery.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
Gather/padding/src_id<out_id guard certified via existing solid
pre-session tests (graph_engine_tb.v checks act_buffer contents via
hierarchical reference, not just final output; graph_engine_guard_tb.v
covers 4 adversarial cases incl. recovery).
BUG-006 (LOW severity): num_neurons_graph=0 shares BUG-005's exact
root cause (neuron_idx is a full 16-bit register, no guard), but
graph_engine's existing per-edge src_id<out_id guard incidentally
catches most garbage-data patterns fast (err at cycle 58 for a
non-trivial test pattern, vs. layer_sequencer's 21761-cycle full run
in BUG-005) -- not a designed protection for this case, so not closed
as a non-issue, but lower severity given the observed practical risk.
Not run to full 65536-iteration completion (impractical for this
campaign's time budget) -- limitation stated explicitly.
Full regression: 40/40 real tests pass, 1 new observational test.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
Layer chain / ping-pong / busy-done certified via the existing
pre-session test, which already verifies the actual ping-pong buffer
address used (not just the value) and correct busy/done timing.
New finding, BUG-005 (CRITICAL): run_num_layers=0 has no guard at
compile time or runtime, and unlike BUG-002's 1-bit group_index (which
can never represent the wraparound value), layer_idx here is a full
8-bit register that naturally reaches it. Confirmed empirically with a
minimal neuron_memory stub: RUN_NETWORK(0) runs through all 256
possible layer indices (21761 cycles), reading arbitrary PSRAM bytes
far past the real descriptor table as if they were valid layer
descriptors, running real neuron_memory passes on them, and writing
results to ping-pong buffer addresses derived from that arbitrary
data. More severe than BUG-002/003/004: reachable via a single
documented SPI opcode (RUN_NETWORK), real PSRAM corruption risk rather
than just a hang or wrong result. Root cause fully isolated, not just
the symptom.
Full regression: 40/40 real tests pass, 1 new observational test
(no pass/fail by design) deterministically reproduces BUG-005.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
Priority B>C>A>D confirmed correct with distinguishable per-port data
(not just "someone got served" but "the right requester got its own
data back") across 4 contention scenarios. D-alone case confirms low
priority does not mean never granted.
Found and fixed a real race in the test harness itself: blocking
assignments withdrew loser requests in the same clock edge meant to
grant the winner, racing the DUT's own synchronous block -- dut.owner
never left SEL_NONE, every wait() blocked forever. Fixed by switching
request-signal drives to non-blocking assignments throughout.
Documented (not filed as a bug) that D can starve indefinitely under
sustained continuous B contention -- standard behavior for a
fixed-priority arbiter with no aging, and explicitly outside the
header's own stated operating assumption (B/C temporally disjoint in
normal operation). Flagged the header's "never starves or corrupts
A/B/C" wording as ambiguous about whether it promises D's own
progress.
Full regression: 40/40 real tests pass.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
int8_memory_access.v byte<->word conversion and byte-lane selection:
exhaustive 2048-address test + 6 real read/write round-trips through
the FSM handshake. 2054/2054 checks, 0 mismatches, after fixing two
bugs in the test harness itself (a same-timestep race reading a
non-blocking update one iteration late, and a behavioral memory stub
that ignored byte-lane enables on write) -- both documented as
test-side, not RTL, issues.
memory_interface.v and psram_controller.v not re-verified from
scratch: cited against coverage already established/re-confirmed
earlier in this same session (page-mode/tCEM against the ISSI
datasheet, a real pre-existing power-up request-loss bug found and
fixed), re-run clean via the Phase 0 regression harness rather than
trusted from WORKLOG text alone.
Full regression: 39/39 real tests pass.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
n_inputs_real/n_neurons_real early termination for valid values is
certified real: a "poison" region (data that would saturate the result
if read past the claimed limit) confirms no over-read, cycle counts
scale proportionally. n_inputs_real non-multiple-of-PARALLEL at runtime
matches the documented silent-truncation risk exactly.
n_inputs_real=0 / n_neurons_real=0 (BUG-003/004): confirmed incorrect
behavior in every repetition, but the exact triggering mechanism was
NOT fully isolated -- nearly-identical repeated tests produced
different symptoms (clean hang vs. silently processing the full build
width vs. a third cycle count matching neither). Reported in full,
including the inconsistency itself, rather than picking the cleanest
result. The two new permanent testbenches reflect this honestly: the
solid early-termination checks are hard assertions, the n_*_real=0
probe is deliberately observe-only given the non-deterministic result.
Full regression: 38/38 real tests pass.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
mac_unit.v: exhaustive unit test (all 65536 (x,w) combinations at
DATA_WIDTH=8, plus 486 boundary acc_in vectors) against an independent
Python oracle (tools/validation/mac_oracle.py). 66022/66022 match, 0
reserves.
mac8.v: first-ever dedicated unit test (previously only indirect
coverage at whatever single PARALLEL neuron_parallel_tb.v happens to
use). Verified at PARALLEL=2/8/32 with structural adversarial vectors
(catches swapped/duplicated tree wiring), 300 random INT8 pairs per
PARALLEL with realistic accumulating acc_in, and worst-case magnitude
adversarial vectors. 939/939 match.
Confirms BUG-002 (N_INPUTS=0 bypasses the N_INPUTS%PARALLEL elaboration
guard) is real, on both simulation and real Yosys synthesis -- root
cause: [DATA_WIDTH*N_INPUTS-1:0] becomes [-1:0] for N_INPUTS=0, which
both tools treat as a genuine 2-bit undriven vector rather than
collapsing to zero width. Includes a documented self-correction: the
first verification attempt produced a false "hang" using an invalid
one-shot late check of a single-cycle done pulse -- caught by
reproducing the same false result on a known-good sanity config before
trusting it.
Full regression re-run clean after adding 3 new testbenches: 36/36 real
tests pass.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
Builds tools/run_regression.py (no reproducible regression script existed
before -- every prior "N testbenches, all pass" claim was assembled by
hand). Resolves each testbench's dependencies by static analysis of
instantiation sites, not from memory, then compiles+runs everything fresh.
Independently re-verifies the 33-testbench regression clean (0 real
failures) after fixing two false negatives in the harness itself (two
tests are deliberate compile-time-failure negative tests, one file is a
benchmark with no pass/fail verdict by design -- confirmed by reading
each file's own header, not assumed).
Findings recorded in docs/validation/: sim/top.v is dead code (references
a removed FRAC_BITS parameter from the pre-INT8 Q8.8 era); mac_unit.v/
mac8.v have no dedicated unit testbench, only indirect coverage; the
N_INPUTS%PARALLEL elaboration guard does not mathematically cover
N_INPUTS=0 (open finding, not yet confirmed reachable -- BUG-002).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
The flash subsystem's SCLK previously reused the boot config-SPI's CCLK
pad via the ECP5 USRMCLK primitive to save one pin. This made the
"exclusive flash bus" claim misleading (SCLK still depended on the
config engine's own pad electrically) and carried an unresolved
verification gap (USRMCLKTS pad-enable timing never checked against
the primary Lattice sysCONFIG Usage Guide).
flash_sclk is now a genuine 4th ordinary GPIO pin (E3, bank 7), added
purely additively to the real .lpf (git diff: one new line, no existing
ball moved). The flash bus is now 4 fully independent wires
(sclk/mosi/miso/cs_n), zero pins shared with any ECP5 config primitive
-- confirmed by the full-system synthesis reporting USRMCLK 0/1 (0%)
utilisation.
All 33 project testbenches re-run clean after the port rename (no
functional change, only sclk_sim -> sclk). Full-system real synthesis
re-verified: 0 constraint errors, Fmax 67.91MHz (up slightly from
66.68MHz, same critical path, not a regression).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
Adds FPGA-exclusive access to the onboard W25Q128JV SPI NOR flash for
weights/bias/network persistence, layered as spi_flash_master (raw SPI,
USRMCLK-driven) -> flash_copy_engine (flash<->PSRAM streaming, erase-
before-write, Page Program loop) -> flash_slot_manager (16-slot catalog
with CRC32), exposed via 8 new SPI opcodes (0x40-0x47). Fixes two
pre-existing bugs found during bring-up: a psram_controller.v request
lost during power-up, and a one-cycle-pulse race in the PSRAM arbiter
request handshake. Full simulation + real Yosys/nextpnr-ecp5 synthesis
verification (0 errors, Fmax 66.68MHz) in WORKLOG.md and
docs/FPGA-Neural-Flash-Subsystem-Verification.md.
Also updates docs/pinout to reflect the 56-signal real .lpf (3 new
flash pins) and documents the WRITE_RAM/READ_RAM host backpressure
risk found while testing this subsystem.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
PSRAM page-mode read burst support in psram_controller.v: enables the
ISSI IS66WVE4M16EBLL-70BLI's page mode via its configuration-register
software-access sequence at boot (disabled by default on the real
chip), then keeps CE#/OE# asserted after a read so a same-page
continuation only pays tAPA (20ns) instead of a full tAA (70ns)
random access, with automatic tCEM-safe session closing. Only a WRITE
closes the page -- byte-enable changes do not, since
int8_memory_access.v alternates them on nearly every access and an
early implementation attempt that treated them as a close condition
measured a real regression (53.25->61.25 cycles/edge) before being
corrected (53.25->37.53 cycles/edge, +42% gather bandwidth).
sim/psram_model.v gained independent tAPA/tAA and tCEM enforcement
(with a real Verilog same-timestep event-ordering race found and
fixed via a #0 sync) so the regression proves real timing compliance,
not just data correctness. New sim/psram_page_mode_tb.v; full 26-file
regression suite re-run clean. Real nextpnr-ecp5 Fmax re-measured on
the full spi_neuron_top system: 75.73MHz (P2, up from 55.59MHz) and
65.13MHz (P8) -- still under the 80MHz target but not regressed, with
the critical path confirmed (not assumed) to remain entirely inside
neuron_parallel's accumulate chain, never psram_controller.
Also includes this session's other already-validated work: the graph
engine (Type #2 sparse-graph network: act_buffer, graph_engine,
netasm host assembler), real CABGA381 pinout (.lpf, place&route
verified) and physical IRQ_N/DATA_READY_N pins, and Phase 7 timing
closure logs -- all previously uncommitted, documented in WORKLOG.md.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01LH3jPeJ3eFMfF2v8SQhpkk
micheleandClaude Sonnet 5