Implements M4: memory_manager.v (arbitration/buffering/forwarding/
latency hiding/double buffering, §12) + prefetch_engine.v
(double-buffered tile fetch, §13), sitting on the REAL, UNMODIFIED V1
PSRAM backend chain (int8_memory_access.v -> memory_interface.v ->
psram_controller.v, per §15's explicit mandate not to touch the
controller).
Verified fully end-to-end with Verilator: real neural_processor (M1)
fed entirely by memory_manager, computing against PSRAM-resident X/W
tiles (double-buffered prefetch across up to 5 tiles) and writing its
result back to PSRAM -- checked via an independent PSRAM read-back,
with poison bytes around the operand regions to catch addressing
errors. 3/3 jobs pass (1/3/5-tile configurations).
Three real RTL bugs found and fixed during integration (full
diagnostic trail in errors.log ERR-0006): prefetch_engine had no
single-in-flight-request discipline, letting a queued request corrupt
the bank bookkeeping of a fetch already running; the fix's own
!pf_busy guard had a one-cycle blind spot (pf_busy lags pf_start by a
clock) that needed an explicit !pf_start term; and a state-based mux
for the shared backend port was off by one cycle, silently dropping
the PSRAM result write entirely.
Real synthesis: 0 CHECK problems, 851 LUT4/789 FF/108 CCU2C/0 DSP
(expected, no multiplication in this module). Real place&route (via a
synthesis-only timing harness, needed for the same TRELLIS_IO pin-
budget reason as M2's array): Fmax 165.86 MHz, PASS at 80MHz.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
Implements M3: three parametric dual-port buffers for the §12
data-plane (Input/Weight/Result), reusing the proven BRAM-inference
idiom from the frozen hardware/v1/rtl/act_buffer.v (synchronous write,
synchronous REGISTERED read, no reset on the read register -- keeps
Yosys off the LUT-RAM path).
Verified with Verilator: 10/10 tests pass (write-then-read
correctness, extreme INT8 round-tripping, weight_buffer's full 64-bit
tile width round-tripping, undisturbed re-reads).
Real synthesis at two depths per module (6 configs total): 0 CHECK
problems, every configuration correctly infers DP16KD (never
LUT-RAM). Non-obvious real finding: weight_buffer's BRAM cost is
driven by its P_IN*DATA_WIDTH tile width, not its DEPTH -- an 8x depth
reduction (512->64) left DP16KD usage unchanged at 2, while
activation_buffer/result_buffer (byte-wide) scale as naively expected
(2->1). All default-depth configs PASS at 80MHz with large margin
(287-367 MHz) via real nextpnr-ecp5 place&route.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
Implements M2 of the V2 roadmap: neural_processor_array.v instantiates
N_PROCESSORS independent neural_processor (M1) units, each with its
own dedicated point-to-point job/operand/result interface -- no shared
bus or mux at this level (arbitration is explicitly the Neural
Director's job, M5).
Verified with Verilator (tb_neural_processor_array.v, N_PROCESSORS=4):
7/7 tests pass, including a same-cycle 4-way concurrent launch with
different tile counts and a staggered-start test where a
later-launched, shorter job completes before an earlier-launched,
longer one -- confirming genuine independent concurrent execution
(§18/§34: a blocked/busy processor must not block the others).
Real resource/timing sweep for N_PROCESSORS in {1,2,4,8} (Yosys +
nextpnr-ecp5, real place&route): Fmax stays above the 80MHz target
throughout (159.11 -> 134.70 MHz), but MULT18X18D usage scales
linearly and reaches 88% of the LFE5U-45F's 72 DSPs at N=8 while
LUT/FF stay under 6% -- DSP, not LUT/FF/routing, is the first hard
ceiling on N_PROCESSORS at P_IN=8 (decisions.log DEC-0005). Measured
via a dedicated synthesis-only timing harness after the array's wide
per-processor buses were found to exhaust the device's TRELLIS_IO pin
budget as a bare top-level module beyond N=1 (errors.log ERR-0005) --
not a logic limit, an artifact of testing the array in isolation
before the Memory Manager/Director (M4/M5) exist to consume those
ports on-chip.
Full log trail (development/experiments/errors/decisions/simulation/
synthesis/timing/benchmark.log) in hardware/v2/logs/ per the project's
logging mandate.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
Begins the V2 Neural Multiprocessor / Dataflow architecture per
docs/v2-description.md, per explicit user request to freeze V1 and
start V2 development, copying from V1 what's needed.
Scaffold:
- hardware/v1/: byte-exact, read-only copy of the current V1 codebase
(rtl, testbenches, tools, constraints, a representative subset of
synthesis results, and reference docs) -- verified identical via
diff/cmp against the live top-level tree before being made
filesystem-read-only. The live top-level tree is untouched and
remains the project's "production" V1 (see hardware/v1/README.md
and hardware/v2/logs/decisions.log DEC-0001 for why copy-not-move).
- hardware/v2/: mandatory structure (rtl/sim/constraints/synthesis/
reports/scripts/logs/docs) plus the full logging system required by
the spec (development/architecture/simulation/synthesis/timing/
benchmark/decisions/experiments/errors.log).
M1 -- Neural Processor (hardware/v2/rtl/neural_processor.v):
- 8-stage pipelined perceptron unit (P_IN=8): input align, 8
multipliers, 3-level adder tree, accumulator, bias+activation, INT8
saturation. Genuine 1-tile/cycle throughput, not just a wider
combinational datapath.
- 7-state FSM (NP_IDLE..NP_ERROR per docs/v2-description.md §6, with
4 baseline states merged into NP_WAIT_OPERANDS -- see
decisions.log DEC-0002); valid/ready/data/last stream interfaces
per §7.
- Bit-exact vs the frozen hardware/v1/rtl/neuron_parallel.v + mac8.v
+ mac_unit.v: 7/7 tests pass (hardware/v2/sim/tb_neural_processor.v),
covering regular/mixed-sign/extreme-INT8 vectors, both activations,
a zero-idle-gap back-to-back-tiles throughput check, and an 8-tile
job -- verified with Verilator (see below for why).
- Real synthesis + place&route (Yosys + nextpnr-ecp5): 0 CHECK
problems, Fmax 183.12 MHz at ACC_WIDTH=32 (PASS at 80MHz, ~3x V1's
isolated PARALLEL=8 Fmax of 61.71 MHz) and 176.21 MHz at ACC_WIDTH=24
(a user-requested comparison experiment, also bit-exact-verified;
see experiments.log EXP-0001/EXP-0002 and benchmark.log).
Three real bugs found and resolved during M1 development (full
diagnostic record in errors.log):
- Two independent, reproducible Icarus Verilog v13.0 scheduling
defects (ERR-0001, ERR-0002) that silently produced wrong simulation
results for standard sequential Verilog -- confirmed via Verilator
5.050 giving correct results on the same minimal repros. Verilator
is now the trusted simulator for hardware/v2/ (decisions.log
DEC-0004); Icarus's affected protocol-violation check was removed
from the RTL and deferred architecturally to the Neural Director
(DEC-0003) rather than chased further.
- One real RTL bug (ERR-0003): last0 wasn't gated like valid0,
letting a "last tile" tag leak into the pipeline ahead of its
actual valid tile on back-to-back jobs. Fixed and verified.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013xXuuRUWZScuo1DeYJxs3v
micheleandClaude Sonnet 5