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HubAudio/docs/architecture/HubAudio-PCB-Floor-Plan.md
2026-08-03 18:04:44 +02:00

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HubAudio PCB Floor Plan

  • Status: Draft
  • Date: 2026-08-01
  • Document Type: Hardware Architecture

1. Overview

This document defines the preliminary PCB floor plan for the HubAudio single-board audio platform.

The PCB integrates:

  • System Controller
  • Audio Processor
  • Radio Receiver
  • Wireless Audio Interfaces
  • Digital Audio Interfaces
  • Power Management
  • Battery Operation Support

The floor plan follows the fundamental HubAudio architecture:

ESP32-S3 manages the Control Domain.

ADAU1467 manages the Audio Domain.

The Clock Distribution Layer provides synchronization for digital audio peripherals.

The PCB layout must preserve separation between:

  • Control Domain
  • Audio Domain
  • Clock Domain
  • Power Domain

The objective is to create a compact portable audio platform while maintaining:

  • audio signal integrity
  • clock stability
  • RF performance
  • power efficiency
  • battery operation capability

2. PCB Constraints

2.1 Target Dimensions

The HubAudio board is designed as a compact single-board platform.

Preferred PCB size: Layer 1 Component placement Critical digital signals Audio routing

Layer 2 Continuous GND plane

Layer 3 Power distribution

Layer 4 Control signals Low speed routing Auxiliary signals

A 6-layer PCB remains an optional evolution only if required after routing verification.

The transition to 6 layers must be justified by:

  • routing density
  • clock integrity
  • RF isolation requirements
  • power distribution constraints

The initial architecture target remains: 4 Layer PCB


4. Functional PCB Zones

The PCB is divided into five functional areas.

4.1 Control Zone

Contains:

  • ESP32-S3
  • USB interface
  • programming interface
  • user interface connections

Responsibilities:

  • network connectivity
  • streaming control
  • configuration management
  • firmware updates

Placement requirements:

  • close to PCB edge
  • antenna clearance
  • separated from switching regulators

4.2 Audio Processing Zone

Contains:

  • ADAU1467
  • Audio EEPROM
  • Clock circuitry
  • Audio domain support components

The ADAU1467 is the physical center of the Audio Domain.

Responsibilities:

  • DSP processing
  • routing
  • mixing
  • synchronization

Critical signals:

  • MCLK
  • BCLK
  • LRCLK
  • I2S DATA

must remain short.


4.3 Radio Zone

Contains:

  • Si4684
  • RF interface
  • antenna related components

Placement requirements:

  • close to RF input
  • separated from switching noise
  • local power filtering

The Si4684 operates as a digital audio peripheral inside the Audio Domain.


4.4 Audio Interface Zone

Contains:

  • Bluetooth interfaces
  • Optical interfaces
  • CODEC/DAC stages

Interfaces: I2S | ADAU1467

Placement requirements:

  • close to PCB edge
  • short I2S paths
  • controlled supply filtering

4.5 Power Zone

Contains:

  • Battery input
  • USB power input
  • Charger
  • PMIC
  • Regulators
  • Filtering components

Placement:

PCB edge area

Power path:

Battery / USB

|

Protection

|

Charger

|

PMIC

|

Regulators

|

Digital / Analog domains

The Power Zone must remain physically separated from:

  • clock circuitry
  • RF section
  • sensitive audio signals

5. Preliminary Floor Plan

Conceptual arrangement:

+--------------------------------+ | | | ESP32-S3 Si4684 | | CONTROL RADIO | | | | | | CLOCK | | BUFFER | | | | | | | | ADAU1467 | | AUDIO PROCESSOR | | | | | | BT RX SPDIF CODEC BT TX | | AUDIO INTERFACE |

BATTERY / PMIC / CHARGER POWER DOMAIN

+--------------------------------+

PCB TARGET:

90 mm x 70 mm

This arrangement keeps the ADAU1467 physically central.

The placement minimizes:

  • I2S length
  • clock distribution length
  • audio routing complexity

6. ADAU1467 Placement

The ADAU1467 is the physical center of the digital audio subsystem.

This follows the architecture decision:

ADAU1467 = Audio Domain Master

Placement rules:

  • central PCB position
  • shortest clock paths
  • shortest I2S paths
  • local decoupling network
  • separated from switching regulators

The ADAU1467 area includes:

  • DSP processor
  • clock interface
  • SPI configuration interface
  • audio EEPROM

Critical signals:

MCLK BCLK LRCLK I2S DATA

must be routed with priority.


7. ESP32-S3 Placement

The ESP32-S3 belongs to the Control Domain.

Placement rules:

  • PCB edge placement
  • antenna keep-out area
  • USB accessibility
  • separation from analog audio

The ESP32-S3 interfaces:

Control:

SPI

Audio:

I2S Source

The ESP32-S3 is not the audio clock master.


8. Clock Distribution Placement

The Clock Distribution Layer provides:

  • MCLK
  • BCLK
  • LRCLK

Architecture:

     ADAU1467

  Audio Clock Master

         |

  Clock Buffer

         |

+-----------+-----------+

| | |

CODEC Si4684 BT

Clock traces must have priority routing.


9. Routing Priorities

Routing priority:

  1. Clock signals

MCLK BCLK LRCLK

  1. I2S audio buses

  2. SPI control

  3. Power distribution

  4. Low-speed signals

Clock and audio signals must avoid:

  • switching regulator nodes
  • RF traces
  • high current battery paths

10. Summary

The HubAudio PCB follows the architectural separation:

CONTROL DOMAIN

ESP32-S3

SPI

AUDIO DOMAIN

ADAU1467

I2S

CLOCK DOMAIN

Clock Distribution

POWER DOMAIN

Battery / PMIC / Regulators

The floor plan defines a compact single-board implementation optimized for:

  • portability
  • battery operation
  • audio integrity
  • future expansion