diff --git a/hardware/v2/constraints/v2_board_top.lpf b/hardware/v2/constraints/v2_board_top.lpf
index 216c330..f3233d9 100644
--- a/hardware/v2/constraints/v2_board_top.lpf
+++ b/hardware/v2/constraints/v2_board_top.lpf
@@ -49,6 +49,9 @@ LOCATE COMP "pll_locked" SITE "L1"; IOBUF PORT "pll_locked" IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33;
 
 // ---- SDRAM interface (37 signals), unchanged from v2_unified.lpf,
 // real balls, banks 6/7 ----
+// sdram_clk: real clock-capable ball (GR_PCLK6_0, bank 6), found
+// missing entirely during schematic review -- see fpga_neural_v2_top.v.
+LOCATE COMP "sdram_clk"    SITE "J4"; IOBUF PORT "sdram_clk"    IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33;
 LOCATE COMP "sdram_cke"    SITE "B5"; IOBUF PORT "sdram_cke"    IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33;
 LOCATE COMP "sdram_cs_n"   SITE "C5"; IOBUF PORT "sdram_cs_n"   IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33;
 LOCATE COMP "sdram_ras_n"  SITE "C4"; IOBUF PORT "sdram_ras_n"  IO_TYPE=LVCMOS33;
diff --git a/hardware/v2/nms/rtl/fpga_neural_v2_top.v b/hardware/v2/nms/rtl/fpga_neural_v2_top.v
index 15a3688..6d2fd59 100644
--- a/hardware/v2/nms/rtl/fpga_neural_v2_top.v
+++ b/hardware/v2/nms/rtl/fpga_neural_v2_top.v
@@ -56,6 +56,12 @@ module fpga_neural_v2_top #(
     input  wire spi_cs_n,
 
     // ---- single physical SDRAM (weights + activations + results) ----
+    // sdram_clk: the real SDRAM chip's own CLK pin -- an external
+    // chip, it needs this driven from a real output ball, NOT just
+    // internal routing. Found missing entirely during this session's
+    // schematic review (clk_sys was purely internal, never reached a
+    // pad) -- added here, real free clock-capable ball (bank 6).
+    output wire        sdram_clk,
     output wire        sdram_cke,
     output wire        sdram_cs_n,
     output wire        sdram_ras_n,
@@ -82,6 +88,8 @@ module fpga_neural_v2_top #(
         .clk_16mhz(osc_clk), .clk_sys(clk_sys), .locked(pll_locked)
     );
 
+    assign sdram_clk = clk_sys;
+
     wire clk = clk_sys;
     wire rst;
     reset_sync u_reset_sync (